Whistle Blowing.Internal And External Whistle Blowing Essay

Whistle Blowing.Internal And External Whistle Blowing - Essay Example (Miceli and Near). Thus the process of whistle blowing has both the short term as well as long term implications for almost all the stakeholders in the organization therefore if the process is taken positively and corrective measures are taken properly, it may increase the trust of society in modern day organizations. However, despite its potential benefits, whistle blowing is not an easy task as whistle blowers may face tough consequences as well as rebuttal not only from their colleagues but from their organizations also. Managers often perceive that whistle blowing is good as long as it remains within the internal channels of the organization. The moment it goes public, it becomes something which has a very negative consequence for the managers. As such the factors involved behind the whistle blowing is not only complex but the action of whistle blowing itself require a lot of courage to defy the corporate loyalty. This paper will discuss the issue of whistle blowing by discussing its different complexities as well as discussing some of the ethical considerations. Whistle blowing Whistle blowing is defined as " the disclosure by organization members (former or current) of illegal, immoral, or illegitimate practices under the control of their employers, to persons, or organizations that may be able to affect action" (Miceli and Near) Whistle blowing is considered as an act of exposing the organizational wrong doings to the general public as well as their superiors. Whistle blowers are often considered as those unsung heroes who serve the "society's last line of defense against organizational misconduct" (Miceli and Near) however, on the other hand, whistle blowers are often considered as organizational traitors who expose the organizations for their own benefits. Whatever the interpretation may be given to whistle blowing, it is an established fact that it requires lot of courage and defiance on the part of whistle blowers to come forward and expose their own organizations for the wrong doing they are committing. There is a very thin line which distinguishes the corporate loyalty from whistle blowing as whistle blowers often find themselves at cross roads of when to leave behind the corporate loyalty in order to expose the wrong doings. It is sometimes difficult to distinguish between the internal as well as external whistle blowing as employees may find it difficult to decide and interpret the situations which may prompt them to whistle blowing. (Lewis). As long as there are independent internal reporting mechanisms present within the organization, employees may stick to grievances only rather than whistle blowing. This is basically done in order to avoid the negative impact on their employment relations with their employers. However, when internal mechanisms fail to correct the grievances, employees may undertake to go public to disclose what may be perceived as the organizational wrong doing. It is important to note that employee's own values and self regulated moral ethics may play a critical role in deciding the timing of the whistle blowing. The available research indicates two sets of values which may force employees to go against the corporate loyalty. One set of values is based on the perception that whistle blowers are heroes who attempt to rectify the organizational wrong doings and as such consider it as their duty, often out of corporate loyalty, to consider taking steps to correct such a situation. The second set of values identifies whistleblowers as idealists who due to their inability to cope with the gap between their expectations and organizational realities. The values and expectations of

Use r(which is a software) stata or excel to do the assignment - 1

Use r(which is a software) stata or excel to do the - Assignment Example This supports the model, which supposes that education is a factor of labor production The scatter plot assumes a downhill pattern as we move from left to right. As the values in the horizontal axis increase, those in the vertical axis decrease. The trend line drawn also depicts a negative linear association with outliers on either side. The data are scattered all over indicating a t-statistics of less than 0.5 hence weak correlation detected. From the analysis, showing the strong correlation and positive relationship, one can conclude that there is a possible association between education and labor production in any country. This supports the model, which supposes that education is a factor of labor production. The analysis supports the theory that level of education is not a factor for infant mortality. In which case, education only serves as a growth factor and not as a factor which can reduce the number of infants’ deaths. From the scatter plot, the pattern depicted assumes an uphill pattern as we move from left to right. As the values in the horizontal axis increase so do those in the vertical axis. The trend line drawn also depicts a linear association with outliers on either side. Consequently, the aspects show a linear association between the two variables. The cluster also insinuates a t-statistics of more than 5 hence the strong correlation detected. This analysis supports the theory that there is a possibility of relationship between higher levels of education and domestic saving rates. The scatter plots drawn above, shows that levels of education act as one of the major factors influencing growth in a country. First, the possibility of its relation to domestic savings rate shows that a country with greater level of education is likely to witness growth. This is because the increased savings put a country in a better place for exploiting every opportunity that proves beneficial towards growth. Further,

A)Review the causes of the financial crisis of 2007-2010 and decide Dissertation

A)Review the causes of the financial crisis of 2007-2010 and decide whether it is linked to too much or too little government i - Dissertation Example 127-138, 2000). It is an observation that the last depression phase of 1930s resulted in huge number of adverse impacts around the world (Brain, pp. 321-327, 1999); however, the current financial crisis on global level seems to be having far more reaching effects on the developed, as well as developing parts of the world. In particular, the world witnessed running down of the US economy during mid of the year 2007 and then the crisis subsequently hit different parts of the world due to lack of liquidity available in the US banking system as well as crumple of various huge financial organizations. In addition, financial experts (Bono, pp. 1-34, 2008) have indicated adverse role of government as well that caused the global financial crisis and that is still resulting in adverse impact globally. In this regard, today, a huge number of economies around the world are still confronting the viral effects of the global financial crisis due to their dependence on processes of US economy (Davi es & Green, pp. 10-18, 2008). Debate and discussion regarding different aspects of financial industry is not a new practice (Zhang, pp. 23-30, 1995). After every financial crisis, it is an observation that financial experts argue and discuss the role of authorities and government to avoid any crisis in the future. Such debates were observable in the year 2001 after collapse of Enron (Amel et al., 2493-2519, 2004), as well as in the year 2004 at the time of WorldCom tragedy, and in the year 2008 with the collapse of Lehman Brothers. Interestingly, experts have indicated that accounting frauds and government scandals are some of the most common underlying reasons that exist behind every financial crisis (Goldsmith, pp. 8-11, 2009). In particular, this paper is an attempt in the same series of debates and discussions that will include analysis of different aspects of global financial crisis while going through the collapse of Lehman brothers that enable a critical understanding of real istic factors that caused such crisis globally. FINANCIAL CRISIS OF 2007-2010 Causes of Financial Crisis As earlier mentioned in the introduction, shortage of liquidity in the US financial system became the first cause that triggered the roots to derive recent financial crisis in the United States. Subsequently, it affected other economies of the world as well by beginning with the collapses of different financial institutions, as well as investment banks in developed parts of the world that automatically affected developing nations. Analysis (Bebchuk et al., p. 31, 2009) has identified that investment banks, financial institutions were two of the main backbones of the US economy, and their bankruptcies gave a heavy blow to the country as collapse of even one stakeholder resulted in huge punch on the overall market. In the month of August 2008, the liquidity crisis hit the then leading investment bank, Lehman Brothers, and studies (Davies & Green pp. 56-60, 2008) have pointed out th e adverse role of certain newspapers that rumored about dishonoring of Lehman Brothers’ financial commitments by few banks. Such rumors initiated the process of financial crisis, as there were witnessing of huge queues at

Computer History Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Computer History - Term Paper Example The classification is based on certain periods of time the computers was improved during. Every generation is characterized by the new invention. The first period is 1937 – 1946. It is characterized by the creation of the first computer. It was electronic digital devise created by Clifford Berry and John V. Atanasoff. The machine was named after its creators - Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC). Certainly, this computer and other machines created in its image and likeness were not perfect, they could not perform complicated tasks and had no operating system. There is an interesting fact that when one of the first computers was switched on, the nearby regions were out of power for some time. The second period lasted from 1947 till 1962. During this period the computers were improved as vacuum tubes was changed for transistors. These computers were already used in the business world and there were many programming languages created for them. Computers became powerful and capable of performing different tasks at once. Third generation is 1963-present. It is characterized the by the creation of integrated circuit. This improvement made the computers more compact, gave them more power and hundreds of different functions including the availability to run several programs at once. Microsoft Disk Operating System was developed in 1980 and the operating system Windows that is used now was born in 1990s. In 1980 Japanese experts created a ten-year plan. They planned to develop the new generation of computers with new functions. â€Å"This was an interesting plan for two reasons. Firstly, it is not at all really clear what the fourth generation is, or even whether the third generation had finished yet. Secondly, it was an attempt to define a generation of computers before they had come into existence. The main requirements of the 5G machines was that they incorporate the features of Artificial Intelligence, Expert Systems, and Natural Language† (Mannell). The pl an was promising because it was aimed at producing computers with certain capacities. Japanese experts wanted new computers to be able to perform the tasks, which humans can perform. They were planned to be able to learn and communicate with people. These functions are especially interesting and beneficial for linguists. Though these goals have not been reached yet, constant development of computers makes it possible to reach them in future. Speaking about computers it is impossible not to mention parallel computing. It is an idea aimed at improving computers’ capacity. At the beginning all the computers were serial with only one processor, however then it was decided to invent computers with several processors as they would be able to perform several tasks at once more efficiently and the programs would run faster. â€Å"Having multiple processors does not necessarily mean that parallel computing will work automatically. The operating system must be able to distribute progr ams between the processors (eg. recent versions of Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X can do this). An individual program will only be able to take advantage of multiple processors if the computer language it's written in is able to distribute tasks within a program between multiple processors. For example, OpenMP supports parallel programming in Fortran and C/C++† (Mannell). The constant improvement of a computer made it perfect and

International Business Finance Report Research Paper

International Business Finance Report - Research Paper Example Most of the green building material firms in China and high-end architecture designs are widely influenced by foreign players, who account for approximately 30% of the whole market share within the republic (EU SME Centre, 2013). Among the 200 leading international companies dealing with green building materials, over 140 have already invested in the Chinese market. For instance, in the 2008 Olympic competition, nearly 121 organizations participated in designing of all the athletic stadiums, 74 of which were either overseas or foreign-owned (EU SME Centre, 2013). Moreover, key global engineering consultancies have their branches in China, participating in numerous large-scale projects nationally. Besides foreign organizations, Chinese firms, particularly the ones with government support, are powerful players in the market, towards realizing large-scale government projects. Relating to building materials, the organization is likely to face stiff competition from foreign firms. Nevertheless, there are more local Chinese producers utilizing the price benefits in the market, even though the standard is relatively low. OzGreen should brace itself for a stiff competition in the Chinese market. As a consolation, the market is still big enough to get a share of the cake (EU SME Centre, 2013). Some of the most establish green building material firms in China include Hunter Douglas, an international firm which boasts of building and furnishing the red skin for the Chinese Pavilion at the Shanghai 2010 international Expo. Philips is also one of the key players in the market, having developed a sustainable lighting design and supply for Guangzhou Tower. Another likely competitor is OMA, which came up with the CCTV building in the heart of Beijing. Finally, we have Soeters and Grontmij, which recently won the contest of Wuhan New Energy Centre. The centre will be the most energy efficient tower in the planet (EU SME Centre, 2013). The building of

The cognitive and emotional aspects of fibromyalgia Annotated Bibliography

The cognitive and emotional aspects of fibromyalgia - Annotated Bibliography Example On the other hand, fibromyalgia is described as a syndrome which inherits long-term body pain due to tenderness of joints, muscles, tendons, and other soft tissues. The study also illustrates the variant depression symptoms among people in respect to change in mood, behavior and thinking which hinders in pharmacological treatment. Medical researchers have implemented neurobiological and therapeutic features to decrease processes of pathophysiological to disable the enhancement of pain and depression within the people. This study also shows about the qualitative approach of identifying the association between chronic pain and mood disorders which go beyond the process of pathophysiological that causes depression and pain. Fibromyalgia arises due to variation in cognitive and emotional psychological behavior of people. These tendencies generally arise due to various deficiencies of vitamins, which build and provide strong generation of tissues. The competitive racialism, work pressure, financial insufficiency and unsophisticated environment are also associated with the cause of fibromyalgia. Hence, there must be awareness programs organized in support of medical organizations and welfare agencies, which can provide various psychological therapies and treatments to mitigate the issues of fibromyalgia. The research study illustrates that the cognitive impairment related to behavior and attitude of individuals which are generated due to fibromyalgia have extreme negative effect on the human psychology as well as causes severe pain than the general pain. This study explains that central nervous system, which consists of limbic and front parietal cortices of the patients are hampered who are inflicted with fibromyalgia. There had been neuroimaging techniques implemented, which ascertain that effective biomarkers are not available that can detect and measure the scale of patients’ condition in cognitive and

To change the culture of the Baltimore Police Department Research Paper

To change the culture of the Baltimore Police Department - Research Paper Example Indeed prompt restructuring of the institutional framework governing the activities of police officers is needed. However, the commissioner and his team of experts are going to be faced with a number of challenges, prime of which is going to be dealing with the deep rooted culture of institutional racism among the police officers, which has been passed on from one generation to the other. Police departments have over the years adopted policing that is racially biased to such an extent that even African American police officers correlate the concept of crime with African Americans, and are more inclined to be suspicious of a fellow African American committing a crime than a Caucasian civilian. This is evidenced by the fact that of the six police officers charged with the murder of Freddy Gray, an African American youth, half of them were African Americans as well. According to Levine et al., the tactics employed by the police gradually enhance racial bias among the police officers, even those that were initially unbiased. Police officers are urged to intensely patrol the unprivileged neighbourhoods comprised mainly of African Americans, where crime is likely to be higher, which is a by-product of poverty. Therefore, due to their constant presence in black neighbourhoods, police officers record higher arrests in these neighbourhoods, further perpetuating the notion that African Americans are criminals and contributes to police officers associating crime with black civilians. In addition, in the past, local police departments used to receive federal grants to motivate local officers to make drug related arrests, a crime that is a by-product of the prevalent poverty among the black community. Deprogramming police officers to stop associating crime with African Americans is going to be very hard for Commissioner Batts (Levine,